Real Historical IPO Example

Infosys (1993):

• Issue Price: ₹95
  
• Listed at: ₹145
  
• Today: Adjusted for splits/bonuses, the stock is worth thousands of times its issue price!
  
  

Reliance Power (2008):

• Massive hype, huge oversubscription.
  
• Listed at ₹450, dropped to ₹300 on day one, never recovered.
  
• Shows why fundamentals matter more than hype.
  
  

Key Points for Historical IPO Analysis

• Don’t judge an IPO only by listing day pop — check 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year returns.
• Study company fundamentals — revenue growth, profit trends, debt levels.
• Read old DRHPs and see if the company stuck to its promises.
• Learn from both successes and failures.

Historical IPO Trends in India

Here’s what past data shows:

Listing Day Trends

• Most IPOs list at a premium, but gains can vanish quickly.
  
  
• Small-cap IPOs often give higher listing gains than large caps but can be riskier.
  
  

Sector Performance

• Tech, pharma, and FMCG IPOs often deliver good long-term returns.
  
  
• Many PSU IPOs give listing gains but may underperform over time.
  
  

Year-wise Patterns

• Bull market years (like 2007, 2021) see more IPOs and higher returns.
  
  
• Bear markets (like 2008, 2020 Covid crash) slow down IPO activity.
  
  

Top Lessons from Past IPOs

✔ Be realistic — not every IPO is a jackpot.
✔ Don’t apply just because everyone else is applying.
✔ Always check promoter quality and business sustainability.
✔ Diversify — don’t put all your money in IPOs.
✔ Think long term — some of India’s best wealth creators didn’t give huge listing day gains!

Where to Find Historical IPO Data

• NSE/BSE websites: Past IPO lists and performance
  
  
• Financial news portals: Mint, Moneycontrol, Economic Times
  
  
• Your own Top Share Broker blog: Publish easy-to-read IPO performance summaries for your readers!
  
  

FAQs About Historical IPO Analysis

Q1: What is Historical IPO Analysis?
A: It means studying how past IPOs performed — on listing day and after — to learn investing lessons.

Q2: Where can I find past IPO performance?
A: NSE/BSE websites, news portals, and IPO trackers like Chittorgarh or IPO Central.

Q3: Are listing gains always the same as long-term gains?
A: No! Some stocks fall after listing. Some grow slowly and become multi-baggers.

Q4: Should I invest based on past trends alone?
A: No. Combine past trends with the current company’s fundamentals.

Q5: Why do some IPOs fail despite good subscription?
A: Hype, overpricing, or poor fundamentals can lead to poor post-listing performance.

Q6: Do all big companies today have big listing gains in the past?
A: Not always! Many now-famous stocks listed modestly but grew steadily.

Q7: How far back should I look for data?
A: Study the last 5–10 years for a balanced view.

Q8: Do global factors affect IPOs?
A: Yes! Global recessions, wars, or pandemics can impact performance.

Q9: Is IPO investing risky?
A: Yes. Past IPOs show that not all listings are profitable. Research is key.

Q10: How do I use past data for my next IPO?
A: Look for patterns in sector, valuation, and promoters to decide if the new IPO is worth it.

Conclusion

Historical IPO Analysis is like looking into a mirror — it shows you what worked, what failed, and why. By learning from the past, you can avoid hype traps, focus on strong fundamentals, and invest smarter in the next big IPO wave!